Sulfonylureas such as glipizide (Glucotrol), glimepiride (Amaryl) and glyburide (diabetes) and insulin injections can cause low blood sugar. Generally, low levels due to sulphonylurea drugs cause only slight symptoms of low blood sugar level in blood, unless a child also inject insulin.

Sometimes, people with diabetes develop low blood sugar during the night. There is little chance of this happening, unless your child gets insulin injections. If so, your child may wake up with cold sweat and feel weak. However, it is possible that your child continues to sleep in spite of this, because the body uses stored sugar to rise again in the blood sugar to safe levels. If this happens, chances are your child wakes up in the morning with headache and, possibly, with a high level of blood sugar.

Taking care of our skin is an easy job to which we can spend a few minutes a day tales. You can protect the body from diseases caused by diabetes if you carry out the following tips:

* Keep diabetes under control: People with high levels of glucose in the blood tend to have dry skin and less ability to fight harmful bacteria. Both problems increase the risk of infection.

* Clean and dry the skin: It is very important that your loved wash all your skin, preferably with a mild soap and dry it well especially between the toes, bending the legs and knees, for in those parts of the Humidity promotes the growth of fungi.

* Do not bathe in very hot water: This is advice to be followed by all people, with and without diabetes. The water temperature should not exceed 37 or 38 degrees Celsius.

* Moisturize your skin: your family needs to avoid having dry skin, because when this happens, there is itching and scratching often cause small wounds where infection can develop. Tell your family to moisturize your skin to prevent cracking, especially when the weather is cold or windy, but not abuse of hydration in areas where moisture encourages fungus growth.

* Healing the wounds that might have: It is very important that you wash with soap and water any wound that is caused, not use alcohol or iodine to clean skin because they are too strong substances. Of course, you should see your doctor to be he who tells you what you can use to avoid infection.

* Take care of your feet: The feet of people with diabetes should be cared for at the end. Advise your loved one to examine their feet daily for sores or wounds. It suggests the use of shoes last broad, low-heeled before putting on shoes, check for foreign objects inside them.

Walk daily. Walking / walking promotes blood circulation in the lower extremities. One of the main problems caused by foot problems are the possible changes in the circulation in the feet, so the daily walk will benefit and prevent these problems. Although the duration of the trip must establish each person, according to the healthcare team, it is estimated that the ideal would be a minimum of 1 h.

Appropriate footwear. You should always wear shoes when walking on hot surfaces, eg on the beach or around a pool area. In summer, use cream sun protection on top of the feet. Never walk barefoot.

Maintain Temp. You also need to protect the feet from the cold by using socks or stockings, and shoes. If you feel cold feet at night, you should use socks. Do not warm the feet with hot water bottles or electrical appliances. These can cause burns as well.

NO hot objects. Hot water or other hot surfaces (radiators, hot water bottles, thermal blankets), represent a hazard to the feet, since the lack of sensitivity can cause burns that become infected easily. Before bathing or showering, you should check the water temperature using a thermometer or your elbow.

No smoking. Smoking is a vascular risk factor, making it even more of a movement that may already be compromised. In addition, the consumption of snuff causes vasoconstriction (closing of the arteries), producing greater difficulty circulation.

Glycemic control. The excess glucose and, especially, high levels of glycated hemoglobin, stick to the wall of the arteries, obstructing and hindering the passage of blood through it, producing a greater difficulty in the circulation in the feet.

Early consultation. Upon detection of any sign “suspect” should be brought to the attention of the healthcare team as soon as possible. Often the outcome of the process depends on what have been the early diagnosis and the immediacy with which they have implemented the measures for their solution.

Podiatrist every six months. Regardless of whether or not any alteration and / or injury. It should go regularly to the podiatrist to carry out a thorough review of the feet (appearance, color, nervous sensitivity, …) as well as proper care of them (nails, corns, calluses, …).

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1 .- toenails

Cut toenails after washing and drying the feet. In this way the nails are softer and easier to cut.
The nails should be cut straight, using a blunt-tipped scissors, and use a nail file, non-metallic cardboard to soften the corners. You can even filed down the entire nail, instead of cutting. They should not cut the corners of the toenails.
If you are not good or if the nails are thick or yellowed, you should see a podiatrist for the court. If you notice that the skin around the nail is red and / or pain, consult your doctor immediately or Nursing.

2.- Bunions and corns

Do not cut corns or bunions, much less using knives or razors or other scrapers, bunions or liquid ointment or dressings to remove bunions or corns (Callico). They can damage the skin. In any case, should be used with great care not to wound, soft pumice stone, and much better to go to the podiatrist to solve such problems.

3 .- Appropriate footwear

Always wear shoes and socks. Never go barefoot, even indoors.
You have to wear comfortable shoes and to protect your feet. No use of plastic shoes or sandals with straps between the toes, these shoes can provide injury.
New shoes have to be comfortable when purchased. Do not purchase if you are tight with the hope that it will widen. And even if they are comfortable, the foot should get used to new shoes gradually. Use only one or two hours a day at first.

Always wear socks or stockings with shoes. The means and / or socks made of cotton or wool, and to help keep feet dry. Each time you wear the shoes will need to be reviewed by hand inside and make sure that no loose object, pick or tip of nail that sticks out that there is no breakage, or the lining is disjointed, or that have a rough surface that can hurt your feet. If the inside of the shoes do not feel soft and smooth inside, use another pair.

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1 .- Foot Exam

It is possible to have serious foot problems without feeling any pain, so it is of great importance to examine the feet every day to see if they have irritation, rashes, scrapes, bruises, blisters, cracks or wounds. In particular should always check between the toes and soles.
If bending is difficult to achieve see the soles of the feet, you can use a plastic mirror placed on the ground.
If you suffer from eyesight problems, you should seek help from a relative.
If you find any wounds, sores or other injury to the feet, should be reported immediately to the health workers who treat diabetics (physician and / or nurse) or go to the podiatrist. The wounds and / or ulcers may be aggravated very quickly.

2 .- Foot Hygiene

It is necessary to wash the feet daily with warm water and soap.
Must be dried carefully, and compression without rubbing, especially between the toes and under these ..
Do not put your feet to soak or bath of warm water, as this will cause maceration from excess moisture, creating cracks and cracked skin leads to greater ease of infection.
If the foot has dry skin, it is necessary to apply a thin layer of skin oil, lotion or moisturizer on plants and on parts dry except between the toes. Keep in mind that the moisture between the toes produces cracks, as well as allowing the growth of fungi that can cause an infection.

Nervous system damage, circulatory problems and infections can cause serious foot problems of diabetics. Without adequate control of diabetes, foot problems can become worse even to the extent of creating really serious problems that would necessitate even amputation.

Nervous system injury may result in loss of sensation in the feet. Sometimes, damage the nervous system can lead to deformities of the feet, these deformities of the feet cause abnormal pressure points that can lead to irritation, blisters and even ulcers. Due to poor blood circulation, these injuries are slow to suggested solutions, in addition, greater ease for infections that turn and also motivated by circulatory problems, are more difficult to solve.

Preventing foot problems

In order to try to prevent problems, people with diabetes should encourage and maintain proper foot care. These precautions and care, which does not differ much from those that should keep anyone else, but diabetics should exercise extreme, they manage to avoid many problems and many amputations.

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Risk Factors. You may be at greater risk for gestational diabetes if:

• Are older than age 30
• Has over weight or has increased much weight during pregnancy
• Has one or more relatives with diabetes
• Belongs to an ethnic group is more likely to develop diabetes, including Hispanics, American Indians, Asians or African Americans
• Had gestational diabetes during their last pregnancy
• She gave birth in her last pregnancy to a baby weighing more than 9 1 / 2 pounds or had a stillbirth

Remember that not all women who develop gestational diabetes have these risk factors. In fact, many women with gestational diabetes have no risk factor.

Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly keeps you up-to-date with the latest information concerning the treatment and understanding of conditions that lead to diabetes mellitus. Discussing the multi-organ involvement of this disease and the contingencies of a wholly effective treatment, this book explains both positive and negative attributes and reactions to tested methods. From Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly, you’ll receive current facts and data that will help you offer the best care to the growing number of elderly patients afflicted with this disorder.

Offering you a review of studies relating to various aspects of the disease, Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly discusses innovative information that will assist you in your practice, including:

• genetic and polygenic links to type 2 diabetes mellitus (2 DM)
• studies indicating the correlation between increased visceral body fat and old age and hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and diabetes mellitus
• mechanisms that increase the risk of diabetes, such as insulin resistance involving skeletal muscle and malfunctioning of the liver and B-cells from the pancreas that disrupt glucose homeostasis
• data supporting the importance of strict glycemic control, goals of glycemic control, choice of oral agents, insulin regiments, and oral agent/insulin therapy combinations in the elderly
• effectiveness and performance of insulin products, such as sulfonylureas, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, biguanides, and thiozolidinediones
• European studies that show acarbose may reduce glycemic fluctuations, insulin dosage, and episodes of nocturnal hypoglycemia

Much of the data examined in this book offers you and your colleagues ideas for future research and contains implications for more effective treatments. Complete with charts, tables, and graphs, Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly will inform you of new developments in the field and help you decide upon the most effective methods of treatment for your patients.

Current research

• A preventive approaches tested consists of administering small doses of insulin in people at risk. Although the preliminary results of these tests are very encouraging, experts say it is too early to abandon this track and it is better to wait until research on the subject to draw conclusions définitives
• Researchers are currently working to develop a vaccine to prevent diabetes type 1. This vaccine prevents the immune system to destroy cells in the pancreas responsible for insulin production. A new research center has been established for this purpose in Australia.
• Some experts recommend breastfeeding for at-risk children and some believe it should be avoided cow’s milk in these cases (see “Milk Cow” in the section Risk Factors)
• It is possible that supplementation of vitamin B3 helps prevent the development of type 1 diabetes. The results of several studies conducted between 1987 and 1998, however, contradict this sujet12-15. A meta-analysis published in 1996 and on ten studies (only five double-blind placebo) indicates that treatment of niacinamide may help delay onset of type 1 diabetes by preventing the destruction of beta cells that produce the ‘insulin in the pancréas16. However, several trials analyzed were small (ten studies, 211 subjects in total) and the quality of their methodology.

Still outstanding there twenty years, type 2 diabetes, the form of the disease related to obesity, is increasing among young people.

• A young man who developed diabetes between 10 and 15 years is threatened myocardial infarction at 25 years,” says Professor Jean-Raymond Attali, endocrinologist, diabetologist at Hospital Jean Verdier, Bondy, France. Asked Tuesday by The Associated Press, Professor Attali warns that “time is the same as for adults.

Diabetes is an increase of glucose, that is to say, the sugar in the blood. It is defined by a high fasting blood glucose greater than or equal to 1.26 g / l (measured twice). There are two types of diabetes: type 1 (10% of cases) and type 2 diabetes (90% of cases). The type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease, to hereditary predisposition. Most often, it affects children, adolescents and young adults (under 30). Diabetes type 2, however, much more common, can be prevented through good nutrition, healthy weight, regular sports activities.

The type 2 diabetes develops when two anomalies are met:

• The body’s cells become less sensitive to insulin, which then leads the pancreas to produce more for the same effect. This anomaly occurs most often in people who are overweight and / or sedentary
• The pancreas is defective and fails after a certain time to produce enough insulin to compensate for the anomaly.

Overweight and obesity are not synonymous with diabetes but can be aggravating factors: 80% of patients with diabetes are overweight. Although for most people, sugar and diabetes are linked, few people, especially youth, are aware of the disease and its consequences (blindness, amputation, heart disease, decreased life expectancy, etc). Diabetes affects 246 million people around the world and these numbers are constantly increasing. It is estimated at 350 million the number of diabetics in 20 years.