What to Know, A majority of women who underwent a test for gestational diabetes between weeks 24 and 28 of pregnancy or earlier if you are at risk.

If you have gestational diabetes, you may be able to control it through diet and exercise. Your doctor may recommend that controls the level of blood sugar regularly at home. You can do it with a special needle test meter or blood sugar. Some women with gestational diabetes need insulin injections.

Gestational diabetes usually disappears after delivery, but women who develop it are at risk of developing it again in a future pregnancy, or diabetes in the future. Exercising, eating a diet low in sugar and losing weight can help lower your risk of developing diabetes in the future

Risk Factors. You may be at greater risk for gestational diabetes if:

• Are older than age 30
• Has over weight or has increased much weight during pregnancy
• Has one or more relatives with diabetes
• Belongs to an ethnic group is more likely to develop diabetes, including Hispanics, American Indians, Asians or African Americans
• Had gestational diabetes during their last pregnancy
• She gave birth in her last pregnancy to a baby weighing more than 9 1 / 2 pounds or had a stillbirth

Remember that not all women who develop gestational diabetes have these risk factors. In fact, many women with gestational diabetes have no risk factor.

If gestational diabetes is not treated, the baby is at higher risk for:

• Born too big
• Birth defects
• Stillborn
• Complications at birth

The large babies may be injured during vaginal birth, reason for that is often required to undergo both a cesarean mother. Babies of mothers with gestational diabetes may have difficulty breathing, low blood sugar and jaundice during the first weeks after birth. Fortunately, gestational diabetes can be treated and controlled to protect the health of the mother and baby.

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The Anaes recommends screening people over age 45 with at least one marker of diabetes risk outlined below:

• Non-Caucasian origin and / or migrant
• Markers of metabolic syndrome
• Overweight measured from BMI, defined as> 28 kg / m²
• Hypertension (systolic blood pressure> 140 mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure> 90 mmHg and / or treated hypertension)
• HDL cholesterol <0.35 g / L (0.9 mmol / L) and / or triglycerides> 2 g / L (2.3 mmol / L) and / or treated dyslipidemia;

History:

• diabetes family (first degree)

No gestational diabetes or children with birth weight over 4 kg;

• temporarily induced diabetes (expert consensus).

Induced diabetes after renal transplantation is a common complication occurring in 3 to 46% of cases. From a retrospective study of 175 non-diabetic renal transplant patients, we studied the incidence, risk factors and consequences of induced diabetes. Thirty five patients (20%) developed diabetes induced which 50% are diagnosed gifts 3 months following transplantation. Eight patients (22.9%) required insulin therapy. The occurrence of diabetes after transplantation is independent of age, gender, family antecedents of diabetes, episodes of rejection, doses of corticosteroids, cyclosporine, treatment with beta-blockers, weight gain and the ‘cytomegalovirus infection. The actuarial graft survival at 5 years was 79.4% in diabetics and 80.5% in the control group. The survival of patients is the same in both groups. In conclusion, induced diabetes after renal transplantation is common in our experience. We did not identify any risk factors involved in this complication.

In people who are not diabetic:

• the fasting and before meals is between 0.70 and 0.90 g / l
• blood sugar after meals is below 1.50 g / l.

This regulation of blood glucose is the result of insulin action on all body cells and the liver and muscles that have a particular role. Having become acquainted with each actor, we will consider the role of each.

Diabetes induced

For drugs (eg corticosteroids) or rare genetic diseases (chronic pancreatitis, etc.)..

Diabetes: why is a cardiovascular risk factor so important?

Whether insulin production is insufficient if there is resistance to its action, glucose accumulates in the blood (called hyperglycemia), progressively damages the blood vessels (arteries and veins) and accelerates the process of atherosclerosis by increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease: angina, myocardial infarction (and their complications and mortality after infarction) and sudden cardiac death. The cardiovascular risk of a diabetic having a cardiovascular event has matched that of a non-diabetic who has had a heart attack.

It also increases the possibility of cerebrovascular disease or peripheral artery involvement. To enter the brain glucose does not need insulin, because it moves directly from the blood. Maintain constant levels of blood glucose (between 60-110 mg / dl) avoids damage to nervous system.

Diabetes can damage different organs: the eyes, with progressive decrease in vision that can lead to blindness, to the kidneys, with increased loss of kidney function that may result in dialysis; the peripheral nervous system with altered sensitivities lower limbs, which poses a serious risk of ulcers and amputations, the autonomic nervous system with digestive disorders, urinary and sexual sphere
(impotence) and lower extremity arteries with risk of amputation.